https://docs.python.org/3/library/tkinter.html#tkinter-modules
http://effbot.org/tkinterbook/
小例子演示：
#!/usr/bin/python# -*- coding: UTF-8 -*-from tkinter import * #导入 Tkinter 模块root =Tk() #实例label = Label(root, text='Hello world')label.pack() # 将小部件放置到主窗口中root.mainloop() # 进入消息循环
用类创建
#!/usr/bin/python# -*- coding: UTF-8 -*-from tkinter import *class App: def __init__(self, master): frame = Frame(master) frame.pack() self.button = Button(frame, text='Exit Class', fg='blue', command=frame.quit) self.button.pack() self.hiButton = Button(frame, text='Say Hi', command=self.say_hi) self.hiButton.pack() def say_hi(self): print ("Hi Sundy , Thanks!")root = Tk()app = App(root)root.mainloop()#root.destroy()
#!/usr/bin/env python3#-*- coding:utf-8 -*-'''Administrator 2018/10/30 '''from tkinter import *class App: def __init__(self,master): frame=Frame(master) frame.pack() self.buttom=Button(frame,text="Exit Class",fg="blue",command=frame.quit) self.buttom.pack() self.hiButton=Button(frame,text="Say hi",command=self.say_hi) self.hiButton.pack() def say_hi(self): print("Hi,Tom, good job!")if __name__=="__main__": root=Tk() app=App(root) root.mainloop() #root.destroy() 
"D:\Program Files (x86)\python36\python.exe" F:/python从入门到放弃/tkinter/10.30/helloclass.pyHi,Tom, good job!Hi,Tom, good job!Hi,Tom, good job!
如何设计GUI类库》》》tkinter设计结构
如果在开发的时候忘记配置样式，可以通过配置文件来配置
#!/usr/bin/env python3#-*- coding:utf-8 -*-'''Administrator 2018/10/30 '''from tkinter import *root=Tk()label=Label(root,text="hello world!")label.config(cursor="gumby")label.config(width=80,height=10,fg='yellow',bg="dark green")label.config(font=("times","28","bold"))label.pack()root.mainloop() 
#!/usr/bin/env python3#-*- coding:utf-8 -*-'''Administrator2018/10/30'''from tkinter import *import settingroot=Tk()label=Label(root,text="hello world!")setting.config(label)# label.config(cursor="gumby")# label.config(width=80,height=10,fg='yellow',bg="dark green")# label.config(font=("times","28","bold"))label.pack()root.mainloop() #!/usr/bin/env python3#-*- coding:utf-8 -*-'''Administrator 2018/10/30 '''def config(obj): obj.config(cursor="gumby") obj.config(width=80, height=10, fg='yellow', bg="dark green") obj.config(font=("times", "28", "bold")) Widget Styling 可以配置的组件样式
http://effbot.org/tkinterbook/tkinter-widget-styling.htm
样式演示
1 #!/usr/bin/env python3 2 #-*- coding:utf-8 -*- 3 ''' 4 Administrator 5 2018/10/30 6 ''' 7 from tkinter import * 8 button = Button(text='SundyButton',padx=10,pady=10) 9 button.config(cursor='gumby')10 button.config(bd=8,relief=FLAT)11 button.config(bg='green',fg='yellow')12 button.config(font=('Helvetica',10,'bold italic'))13 button.pack()14 button.mainloop()
reliefThis option controls how to draw the 3D border. It can be set to one of SUNKEN, RAISED, GROOVE, RIDGE, and FLAT.
事件 和 事件绑定
http://effbot.org/tkinterbook/tkinter-events-and-bindings.htm
绑定的三种方式：
1、通过command = 回调函数 连接事件 （按钮级）
2、 通过bind 绑定事件 （按钮级）
3、 通过协议protocol 去监听窗体改变来绑定事件 （系统级）
import tkMessageBoxroot= Tk()'''def button1Click(): print('button clicked')button = Button(text='hello', command=button1Click)button.pack()root.mainloop()'''def callback(event): frame.focus_set() print('clicked at:', event.x, event.y)def key(event): print("pressed", repr(event.char))frame = Frame(root,width=100,height=100)frame.bind(' ',callback)frame.bind(' ',key)frame.pack()root.protocol('WM_DELETE_WINDOW',)root.mainloop()
1 #!/usr/bin/env python3 2 #-*- coding:utf-8 -*- 3 ''' 4 Administrator 5 2018/10/30 6 ''' 7 # import tkMessageBox 8 from tkinter import * 9 root= Tk()10 11 def button1Click():12 print('button clicked')13 14 button = Button(text='hello', command=button1Click)15 button.pack()16 root.mainloop() 效果：
command绑定事件的限制性 ： 标签没有command属性，没有办法绑定事件
#!/usr/bin/env python3#-*- coding:utf-8 -*-'''Administrator 2018/10/30 '''# import tkMessageBoxfrom tkinter import *root= Tk()def callback(event): print("Button-1 在frame上面 单击鼠标左键，打印出来")frame = Frame(root,width=100,height=100)frame.bind(' ',callback)frame.pack()root.mainloop() 
1 #!/usr/bin/env python3 2 #-*- coding:utf-8 -*- 3 ''' 4 Administrator 5 2018/10/30 6 ''' 7 from tkinter import * 8 import tkinter.messagebox 9 10 root= Tk()11 def callback(event):12 frame.focus_set()#系统函数，每次点击前得到一个焦点13 print('clicked at:', event.x, event.y)#鼠标点击时的x,y轴坐标是多少14 print("距离左边的长度：%s ,距离上面的长度：%s"%(event.x_root,event.y_root))15 def key(event):16 print("pressed", repr(event.char))#repr 函数 表示将字符用ASCII码打印出来 也可以用str char输入键盘输入的是什么字符17 def closeWindow():18 if tkinter.messagebox.askokcancel("提示","是否要退出？"):19 root.destroy()20 21 22 23 frame = Frame(root,width=100,height=100)24 frame.bind(' ',callback)25 frame.config(bg="dark green")26 frame.bind(' ',key)27 frame.pack()28 29 root.protocol('WM_DELETE_WINDOW',closeWindow)#通过协议监控 WM_DELETE_WINDOW Windows manages 删除 窗口发生时，调用函数 closeWindow30 root.mainloop()
在窗体上新建一个窗体
#!/usr/bin/env python3#-*- coding:utf-8 -*-'''Administrator 2018/10/30'''from tkinter import *root = Tk()root.title('root window')top = Toplevel(bg='red')top.title('top level')root.mainloop()
#!/usr/bin/env python3#-*- coding:utf-8 -*-'''Administrator2018/10/30'''from tkinter import *root = Tk()root.title('root window')# top = Toplevel(bg='red')# top.title('top level')top = Toplevel()top.title("About this application...")def about_message(): return "this is a tkinter demo application"msg = Message(top, text=about_message())msg.pack()button = Button(top, text="Dismiss", command=top.destroy)button.pack()root.mainloop()
from tkinter import *import tkinter.messageboxroot = Tk()def callback(): if tkinter.messagebox.showerror('Sundy','HI Sundy'): print ('Clciked Yes') else: print ('Clicked No')button = Button(root, text='Button1', command=callback)button.pack()root.mainloop()
菜单
from tkinter import *def callback(): print ("called the menu")root = Tk()menu = Menu(root)root.config(menu=menu)filemenu = Menu(menu)menu.add_cascade(label='File',menu=filemenu)filemenu.add_command(label='New',command=callback)filemenu.add_command(label='Open..',command=callback)filemenu.add_separator()filemenu.add_command(label='Exit',command=callback)helpmenu = Menu(menu)menu.add_cascade(label='Help',menu=helpmenu)helpmenu.add_command(label='About..',command=callback)root.mainloop()
#!/usr/bin/env python3#-*- coding:utf-8 -*-'''Administrator 2018/10/30 '''from tkinter import *def callback(): print ("called the menu")root = Tk()menu = Menu(root)root.config(menu=menu)#设置一下root 里面菜单 就是上一行实例化的菜单filemenu = Menu(menu)#添加一个菜单 绑定在menu上面menu.add_cascade(label='File',menu=filemenu)#添加一个子菜单，绑定在filemunu上面 并且设置一个名字filemenu.add_command(label='New',command=callback)#在菜单上，添加一个命令filemenu.add_command(label='Open..',command=callback)filemenu.add_separator()#添加一个分割线filemenu.add_command(label='Exit',command=callback)helpmenu = Menu(menu)menu.add_cascade(label='Help',menu=helpmenu)helpmenu.add_command(label='About..',command=callback)root.mainloop()
工具条
#!/usr/bin/env python3#-*- coding:utf-8 -*-'''Administrator 2018/10/30 '''from tkinter import *root = Tk()def callback(): print ("clicked tool bar button ")toolbar = Frame(root)#由于tkinter没有工具条的类，我们用Frame来代替工具条的布局b = Button(toolbar,text='new',width=6,command=callback)b.pack(side=LEFT,padx=2,pady=2)c = Button(toolbar,text='open',width=6,command=callback)c.pack(side=LEFT,padx=2,pady=2)toolbar.pack(side=TOP,fill=X)#放在最上面root.mainloop() 
消息框
#!/usr/bin/env python3#-*- coding:utf-8 -*-'''Administrator 2018/10/30 '''from tkinter import *import tkinter.messageboxroot = Tk()def callback(): if tkinter.messagebox.showerror('Sundy','HI Sundy'): print ('Clciked Yes') else: print ('Clicked No')button = Button(root, text='Button1', command=callback)button.pack()root.mainloop()
#!/usr/bin/env python3#-*- coding:utf-8 -*-'''Administrator 2018/10/30 '''from tkinter import *import tkinter.messageboxroot = Tk()def callback(): if tkinter.messagebox.askyesno('Sundy','HI Sundy'): print ('Clciked Yes') else: print ('Clicked No')button = Button(root, text='Button1', command=callback)button.pack()root.mainloop() 
画布
#!/usr/bin/env python3#-*- coding:utf-8 -*-'''Administrator 2018/10/30 '''from tkinter import *master = Tk()w = Canvas(master, width=200, height=100,bg="yellow")w.pack()w.create_line(0, 0, 200, 100)w.create_line(0, 100, 200, 0, fill="red", dash=(4, 4))w.create_rectangle(50, 25, 150, 75, fill="blue")mainloop()
输入框
#!/usr/bin/env python3#-*- coding:utf-8 -*-'''Administrator 2018/10/30 '''from tkinter import *master=Tk()e = Entry(master)e.pack()e.delete(0, END)e.insert(0, "a default value")print(e.get())master.mainloop()
布局
from Tkinter import *root = Tk()Label(root,text='First').grid(row=0)Label(root,text='Second').grid(row=1)e1 = Entry(root)e2 = Entry(root)e1.grid(row=0,column=1)e2.grid(row=1,column=1)Button(root,text='OK').grid(row=2)root.mainloop()
#!/usr/bin/env python3#-*- coding:utf-8 -*-'''Administrator 2018/10/30 '''from tkinter import *root = Tk()Label(root,text='First').grid(row=0)Label(root,text='Second').grid(row=1)e1 = Entry(root)e2 = Entry(root)## e1.grid(row=0,column=1)# e2.grid(row=1,column=1)## Button(root,text='OK').grid(row=2)root.mainloop()
#!/usr/bin/env python3#-*- coding:utf-8 -*-'''Administrator 2018/10/30 '''from tkinter import *root = Tk()Label(root,text='First').grid(row=0)Label(root,text='Second').grid(row=1)e1 = Entry(root)e2 = Entry(root)e1.grid(row=0,column=1)e2.grid(row=1,column=1)# Button(root,text='OK').grid(row=2)root.mainloop()
#!/usr/bin/env python3#-*- coding:utf-8 -*-'''Administrator 2018/10/30 '''from tkinter import *root = Tk()Label(root,text='First').grid(row=0)Label(root,text='Second').grid(row=1)e1 = Entry(root)e2 = Entry(root)e1.grid(row=0,column=1)e2.grid(row=1,column=1)Button(root,text='OK',width=10).grid(row=2,column=1)root.mainloop()
状态栏
from tkinter import *root = Tk()status =Label(root,text='Ln20',bd=1,relief=SUNKEN,anchor=W)status.pack(side=BOTTOM, fill=X)root.mainloop()
小项目，编写一个记事本
__author__ = 'Sundy'# -*- encoding: utf8 -*-from tkinter import *from tkinter.messagebox import *from tkinter.filedialog import *import osfilename = ''def author(): showinfo('作者信息','本软件由麦子学院Sundy完成')def about(): showinfo('版权信息.Copyright','本软件版权归属为麦子学院')def openfile(): global filename filename = askopenfilename(defaultextension = '.txt') if filename == '': filename = None else: root.title('FileName:'+os.path.basename(filename)) textPad.delete(1.0,END) f = open(filename,'r') textPad.insert(1.0,f.read()) f.close()def new(): global filename root.title('未命名文件') filename = None textPad.delete(1.0,END)def save(): global filename try: f = open(filename,'w') msg = textPad.get(1.0,END) f.write(msg) f.close() except: saveas()def saveas(): f = asksaveasfilename(initialfile= '未命名.txt', defaultextension='.txt') global filename filename = f fh = open(f,'w') msg = textPad.get(1.0,END) fh.write(msg) fh.close() root.title('FileName:'+os.path.basename(f))def cut(): textPad.event_generate('< >')def copy(): textPad.event_generate('< >')def paste(): textPad.event_generate('< >')def redo(): textPad.event_generate('< >')def undo(): textPad.event_generate('< >')def selectAll(): textPad.tag_add('sel','1.0',END)def search(): topsearch = Toplevel(root) topsearch.geometry('300x30+200+250') label1 = Label(topsearch,text='Find') label1.grid(row=0, column=0,padx=5) entry1 = Entry(topsearch,width=20) entry1.grid(row=0, column=1,padx=5) button1 = Button(topsearch,text='查找') button1.grid(row=0, column=2)root = Tk()root.title('Sundy Node')root.geometry("800x500+100+100")#Create Menumenubar = Menu(root)root.config(menu = menubar)filemenu = Menu(menubar)filemenu.add_command(label='新建', accelerator='Ctrl + N', command= new)filemenu.add_command(label='打开', accelerator='Ctrl + O',command = openfile)filemenu.add_command(label='保存', accelerator='Ctrl + S', command=save)filemenu.add_command(label='另存为', accelerator='Ctrl + Shift + S',command=saveas)menubar.add_cascade(label='文件',menu=filemenu)editmenu = Menu(menubar)editmenu.add_command(label='撤销', accelerator='Ctrl + Z', command=undo)editmenu.add_command(label='重做', accelerator='Ctrl + y', command=redo)editmenu.add_separator()editmenu.add_command(label = "剪切",accelerator = "Ctrl + X",command=cut)editmenu.add_command(label = "复制",accelerator = "Ctrl + C", command=copy)editmenu.add_command(label = "粘贴",accelerator = "Ctrl + V", command= paste)editmenu.add_separator()editmenu.add_command(label = "查找",accelerator = "Ctrl + F", command=search)editmenu.add_command(label = "全选",accelerator = "Ctrl + A", command= selectAll)menubar.add_cascade(label = "编辑",menu = editmenu)aboutmenu = Menu(menubar)aboutmenu.add_command(label = "作者", command=author)aboutmenu.add_command(label = "版权", command = about)menubar.add_cascade(label = "关于",menu=aboutmenu)#toolbartoolbar = Frame(root, height=25,bg='light sea green')shortButton = Button(toolbar, text='打开',command = openfile)shortButton.pack(side=LEFT, padx=5, pady=5)shortButton = Button(toolbar, text='保存', command = save)shortButton.pack(side=LEFT)toolbar.pack(expand=NO,fill=X)#Status Barstatus = Label(root, text='Ln20',bd=1, relief=SUNKEN,anchor=W)status.pack(side=BOTTOM, fill=X)#linenumber&textlnlabel =Label(root, width=2, bg='antique white')lnlabel.pack(side=LEFT, fill=Y)textPad = Text(root, undo=True)textPad.pack(expand=YES, fill=BOTH)scroll = Scrollbar(textPad)textPad.config(yscrollcommand= scroll.set)scroll.config(command = textPad.yview)scroll.pack(side=RIGHT,fill=Y)root.mainloop()